Yes sure, you may use any MQTT broker for working with MQTT Tiles.
You need your broker to be available over LAN or internet via websockets. This is probably the main requirement. Also in order to visualize historical information you should have persistent messages storage feature in the broker.
First I recommend you to connect to your broker via MQTT Board. This is to test connection settings. Once board is connected you may copy same settings to the tiles, they are backed by the same mqtt.js framework.